ORA-04061: existing state of has been invalidated ORA-04061: existing state of package body "package name" has been invalidated

Ideally this error comes when the package in question is Invalid but sometime we see this error even if our package is Valid.

Instead of getting into too much details and debugging just request your DBAs to recompile the package or do it yourself if you are a confident developer with apps access ;) 

To compile both of sepc and body :-

                                Alter package pkg_name compile;

To compile only Body :-

                                Alter package pkg_name compile body;

If its recompiled without any error then just retest.

That's it.

PL SQL Vs SQL

	PL Sql vs Sql
Comparison	SQL	PL/SQL
Execution	Single command at a time	Block of code
Application	Source of data to be displayed	Application created by data aquired by SQL
Structures include	DDL and DML based queries and commands	Includes procedures, functions, etc
Recommended while	Performing CRUD operations on data	Creating applications to display data obtained using sql
Compatibility with each other	SQL can be embedded into PL/SQL	PL/SQL cant be embedded in SQL

Concatenate ROWDATA into one column

We all are aware of concatenating multiple column data into one column but when it comes to concatenating multiple rows into one column we always start looking for an answer on the net.

Here I have the solution for both :-


Concatenate Columns into one column:-

SELECT organization_id,
       BUSINESS_GROUP_ID,
       CONCAT (organization_id, BUSINESS_GROUP_ID)
  FROM hr_All_organization_units
 WHERE organization_id IN (81, 82, 83);

Concat Rows into one Column:-

SELECT LISTAGG (organization_id, ';') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY organization_id)
          organization_id,
       LISTAGG (BUSINESS_GROUP_ID, ';')
          WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY BUSINESS_GROUP_ID)
          BUSINESS_GROUP_ID
  FROM hr_All_organization_units
 WHERE organization_id IN (81, 82, 83);